A topologia física vai ser a mesma utilizada até agora. Dois roteadores R1-IOS e R2-JunOS, e um host representando pela nuvem Cloud1.
Ambos os roteadores estão rodando OSPF, e todas as suas interfaces estão na área 0.
O objetivo será, trocar de OSPF para BGP. Ficando R1 no AS100 e R2 no AS200.
Os novos arquivos de configuração podem ser baixados de:
https://github.com/JoseBalbuena/BlogNetFinders/blob/master/NAPALM_PARTEIII_R2.conf
https://github.com/JoseBalbuena/BlogNetFinders/blob/master/NAPALM_PARTEIII_R1.conf
Dessa vez vamos utilizar o método load_replace_candidate() da livraria NAPALM.
O único detalhe a ter em consideração é que eu preciso começar a configurar pelo roteador R2, isso porque quando faça a troca de configuração eu vou perder a conetividade com R2, porém quando configure R1 e o peer BGP fechar a conexão irá voltar.
Se eu começar por R1, vou perder conetividade com R2 e nunca mais vou ter acesso.
O meu script ficaria assim:
#!/usr/bin/python
import napalm
#Router diccionario
R1={'so':'ios','hostname':'R1','ip':'1.1.1.1','username':'napalm','password':'napalm','secret':'cisco','newfile':'/home/jose/Automatizacao/R1_new.conf'}
R2={'so':'junos','hostname':'R2','ip':'2.2.2.2','username':'napalm','password':'napalm123','newfile':'/home/jose/Automatizacao/R2_new.conf'}
#Listado dos meus roteadores
routers=[R2,R1] #R2 primeiro na lista
#BEGIN
#Loop para fazer varredura
for router in routers:
#Caso seja um roteador IOS, utilizar o parametro optional_args com a senha de enable
if router['so'] == 'ios':
optional_args={'secret':router['secret']}
else:
optional_args={}
#Selecctiona o driver
driver = napalm.get_network_driver(router['so'])
#Coneta ao roteador, dentro de um try..execpt, caso de algum erro o erro eh printado
try:
device = driver (hostname=router['ip'], username=router['username'], password=router['password'],optional_args=optional_args)
device.open()
#Carrega o arquivo das atualizacoes a serem feitas
device.load_replace_candidate(filename=router['newfile'])
#Faz o commit
device.commit_config()
#Fecha a conexao
device.close()
except Exception as error:
print "Problemas com driver/sessao do roteador %s" % router['ip']
print error
#FIM
jose@rejane:~/Automatizacao$ ./napalm_newconf_ex3.py
Problemas com driver/sessao do roteador 2.2.2.2
RpcTimeoutError(host: 2.2.2.2, cmd: commit-configuration, timeout: 60)
jose@rejane:~/Automatizacao$
Podemos apreciar que ao executar o script, NAPALM atacha um erro no "commit_config()" para R2, esse erro acontece pelo fato de que quando o commit é executado em R2, automaticamente a nossa conexão ao roteador é perdida. O NAPALM não recebe a resposta do "commit" em R2 e atacha o erro acima. Mas a configuração foi aplicada em R2, a única coisa que falto foi o NAPALM receber a resposta. Resumindo o erro é na livraria do NAPALM e não no "commit" em R2.
O ideal é não perder a conetividade, quem sabe manter o OSPF rodando, mas para própositos de testes e de saber como funcionam as coisas, esta tudo OK.
Verificando em R1:
R1#sh ip bgp summary
BGP router identifier 1.1.1.1, local AS number 100
BGP table version is 5, main routing table version 5
4 network entries using 592 bytes of memory
4 path entries using 256 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1144 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/0 prefixes, 4/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd
10.10.10.2 4 200 45 45 5 0 0 00:18:38 2
R1#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 5, local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,
x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 1.1.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
*> 2.2.2.0/24 10.10.10.2 0 200 i
r> 10.10.10.0/24 10.10.10.2 0 200 i
*> 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
R1#
Verificando em R2:
napalm@JunOS-R2> show bgp summary
Groups: 1 Peers: 1 Down peers: 0
Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending
inet.0 2 2 0 0 0 0
Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
10.10.10.1 100 43 43 0 0 17:57 2/2/2/0 0/0/0/0
napalm@JunOS-R2>
napalm@JunOS-R2> show route
inet.0: 6 destinations, 6 routes (6 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
1.1.1.0/24 *[BGP/170] 00:18:18, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 100 I
> to 10.10.10.1 via em0.0
2.2.2.0/24 *[Direct/0] 01:00:02
> via lo0.0
2.2.2.2/32 *[Local/0] 01:00:02
Local via lo0.0
10.10.10.0/24 *[Direct/0] 01:00:03
> via em0.0
10.10.10.2/32 *[Local/0] 01:00:03
Local via em0.0
192.168.200.0/24 *[BGP/170] 00:05:38, MED 0, localpref 100
AS path: 100 I
> to 10.10.10.1 via em0.0
napalm@JunOS-R2>
Podemos ver que o BGP foi estabelecido e as rotas tb estão OK.
Desde o host conseguimos pingar tanto para R1 e R2.
jose@rejane:~$ ping 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1 (1.1.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 1.1.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=11.4 ms
64 bytes from 1.1.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=9.09 ms
^C
--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 9.090/10.258/11.427/1.172 ms
jose@rejane:~$ ping 2.2.2.2
PING 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 2.2.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=11.6 ms
64 bytes from 2.2.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=20.1 ms
^C
--- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 11.603/15.891/20.180/4.290 ms
jose@rejane:~$
Bom é isso ai pessoal, nesse três últimos post aprendimos como "coletar informação", "Atualizar a configuração" e "Reemplazar a configuração", utilizando a livraria NAPALM.
Os script são simples, visto que o próposito deles é o ensino, mas vocês podem incluir muitas coisas neles, como logs, entrada de teclado quem sabe ler as configurações dos roteadores de algum banco de dados etc etc..
O próximo post iremos falar de YAML e JINJA2..
Abçs e um ótimo final de semana!!
Jose
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